FOR EVALUATIONDOC TORUS-MEG-DS-001REV 2026-07CLASS UAGVIS / field gatewayPacketFive
TORUS FIELD AGGREGATION GATEWAYTORUS-MEG
Field gateway that aggregates a sensor ring, fuses events at the edge, and bridges the perimeter to the TORUS-CCISRT command plane.
CONCEPT
REV design study · 2026-07-05
doc TORUS-MEG-DS-001

1Description

TORUS-MEG is the field gateway of the TORUS UAGVIS system. It receives LoRa uplinks from a ring of TORUS-SN ground nodes, timestamps and correlates their events against a disciplined clock, runs edge fusion and (where visual masts are attached) on-device inference, then forwards a prioritised event stream to the TORUS-CCISRT command plane over whatever backhaul the site allows.

It is designed for the same places the nodes are: off-grid and unattended. A solar-and-battery power path, a wide-input DC front end, and a rugged sealed enclosure let a single MEG anchor a perimeter for months, storing and forwarding when the backhaul link is intermittent.

  • Multi-channel LoRa concentrator: 8-channel 433 MHz receive, so one gateway serves a large field of nodes concurrently
  • Edge compute: NVIDIA Jetson Orin-class module for sensor fusion and thermal/visual inference at the edge
  • Flexible backhaul: Gigabit Ethernet, Wi-Fi, LTE/5G cellular, or satellite; automatic store-and-forward
  • Disciplined time: GNSS receiver provides UTC and node almanac/time sync
  • Off-grid power: solar MPPT + LiFePO4 pack, wide-input DC, PoE/mains option
  • Secure by design: secure element / TPM, signed firmware, encrypted store-and-forward
  • Visual-mast ready: camera (GMSL/USB3) and LiDAR (Ethernet) interfaces for the visual domain
  • Rugged: sealed IP67 enclosure, wide operating temperature, pole or wall mount

2Block diagram

RF INGEST8-channel LoRa concentrator (433 MHz)
  • SX1302/SX1303-class
  • from TORUS-SN ring
EDGE COMPUTENVIDIA Jetson Orin module
  • event fusion + correlation
  • thermal/visual inference
  • NVMe event buffer
BACKHAULto TORUS-CCISRT
  • Ethernet / Wi-Fi
  • LTE/5G modem
  • satellite
TIME & SYNCGNSS-disciplined clock
  • UTC timestamp
  • node time/almanac
VISUAL I/Omast sensor interfaces
  • GMSL / USB3 cameras
  • LiDAR (Ethernet)
POWERoff-grid path
  • solar MPPT + LiFePO4
  • wide-input DC / PoE

3Preliminary specifications

ParameterTargetNotes
LoRa ingest8 channels, 433 MHz EU ISMConcentrator-class receiver; serves tens of nodes per gateway
Node capacityUp to ~100 nodes / gatewayDuty-cycle and report-interval dependent
Edge computeNVIDIA Jetson Orin NX / NanoFusion + optional visual inference; module choice by power budget
BackhaulEthernet / Wi-Fi / LTE-5G / SATCOMPrioritised store-and-forward on link loss
Time sourceGNSS-disciplined, UTCAlso serves node time-sync and GNSS almanac
Local storageNVMe SSD (event + clip buffer)Sized for days of events and short thermal/video clips
Power inputSolar MPPT + LiFePO4; 9-36 V DC; PoE+Off-grid autonomy target: months
EnclosureIP67, pole/wall mountWide operating temperature; passive cooling
SecuritySecure element / TPM, signed FWEncrypted store-and-forward; optional on-prem-only mode

TORUS-MEG is at concept / design-study stage. Values are design targets, not measurements; component selections below are candidates pending detailed design.

4Clustering & high availability

A single gateway anchors one ring. Real deployments span distances larger than one gateway's radio reach, so TORUS-MEG is cluster aware: multiple gateways federate to extend and join sensor networks without a single point of failure.

CapabilityBehaviour
Chain / extendGateways relay along a corridor to reach node fields beyond one gateway's range, forming a linear chain
Aggregate / joinIndependent sensor networks federate into one common operating picture; events keep their originating gatewayId
High availabilityPeer gateways form a cluster with leader election and health checks; on a node or link loss, a standby peer assumes the coverage
Partition toleranceA gateway that loses backhaul keeps sensing and stores events locally, then reconciles on rejoin (store-and-forward)
Load sharingOverlapping coverage is balanced across cluster members to spread ingest and inference load

Clustering and HA algorithms (membership, leader election, replication) are a design target for the detailed-design phase; the event contract already carries the gateway identity needed to federate cleanly.

5Candidate components

FunctionCandidateRole
LoRa concentratorSemtech SX1302 / SX1303 (8-ch)Multi-channel 433 MHz receive from the node ring
Edge computeNVIDIA Jetson Orin NXFusion, correlation, thermal/visual inference
Cellular backhaulQuectel RM5xx (5G) / EG25 (LTE)WAN uplink where no fixed network exists
GNSS timingu-blox timing receiverUTC discipline + node almanac
PowerMPPT charger + LiFePO4 packOff-grid solar autonomy
Root of trustTPM 2.0 / secure elementSigned firmware, key storage

6Design notes & open items

  1. Edge module vs power: the Jetson Orin gives visual-domain inference headroom but raises the solar/battery budget; a lower-power SoM may be offered as a node-only-aggregation variant.
  2. Concentrator sourcing: 433 MHz 8-channel concentrator front-end and filtering to be finalised for EU ISM duty-cycle rules.
  3. Backhaul matrix: which WAN options ship as standard vs modular is a product decision driven by target deployments (remote vs urban).
  4. Mesh option: node-to-node relay for sites larger than a single gateway's RF reach is under evaluation.

7Trademarks & third-party notice

TORUS is an independent platform. Company names and product model numbers referenced in this document (including but not limited to Semtech (SX1302/SX1303), NVIDIA (Jetson, Orin), Quectel, u-blox, and their respective product identifiers , are used solely for engineering and bill-of-materials identification. Their use does not imply any affiliation with, sponsorship by, or endorsement by those companies. Supply of any such third-party product or component to the designers, manufacturers, integrators, or evaluators of the TORUS platform remains at the sole discretion of the respective owning company, organisation, or legal entity. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.